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Gypsum
Gypsum form through the evaporation and concentration of marines
brines in environments ranging from basin bottoms to salt dome
tops. Gypsum contains 27% water, while anhydrite is the anhydrous
form. Both gypsum and anhydrite occur in granular, compact or
fibrous crystalline masses in sedimentary beds.
Gypsum is an industrially important mineral which has the unique
property that it can be ground into a powder, heated and then
restored to a solid with only the addition of water. Generally,
industrialised nations primarily use it for wallboard and sheetrock
and developing nations use this mineral for the production of,
or as a cement. Gypsum is also used in the construction of a
variety of structures such as bridges and roads, and as fertilizer.
Link: EUROGYPSUM-The
Association of European Gypsum Industries
Production of Gypsum and Anhydrite
tonnes
| |
1999 |
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
| Europe |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Armenia |
|
9.630 |
12.811 |
44.943 |
|
|
| Albania |
3.499 |
10.500 |
17.464 |
18.000 |
20.000 |
22.000 |
| Austria |
99.204 |
946.044 |
929.223 |
969.202 |
1.003.550 |
1.038.127 |
| Bosnia & Herzegovina |
|
49.492 |
59.728 |
|
|
|
| Bulgaria |
148.700 |
169.600 |
167.000 |
156.000 |
154.000 |
152.000 |
| Croatia |
167.000 |
130.000 |
199.100 |
206.505 |
150.000 |
77.987 |
| Cyprus |
181.446 |
138.100 |
144.000 |
182.000 |
191.000 |
255.000 |
| Czech Republic |
136.000 |
82.000 |
24.000 |
108.000 |
104.000 |
71.000 |
| France |
4.200.000 |
4.000.000 |
3.900.000 |
3.700.000 |
4.500.000 |
3.500.000 |
| Georgia |
|
4.082 |
15.408 |
8.127 |
|
|
| Germany |
3.032.115 |
2.601.086 |
2.500.000 |
1.800.000 |
1.800.00 |
1.579.000 |
| Greece |
686.416 |
801.025 |
808.890 |
850.786 |
731.785 |
856.606 |
| Hungary |
203.000 |
251.000 |
231.000 |
108.000 |
62.000 |
55.000 |
| Ireland |
500.000 |
500.000 |
300.000 |
500.000 |
500.000 |
520.000 |
| Israel |
50.000 |
50.000 |
48.000 |
14.175 |
64.845 |
75.930 |
| Italy |
1.382.709 |
1.300.000 |
1.300.000 |
1.350.000 |
1.400.000 |
1.200.000 |
| Latvia |
65.000 |
126.570 |
176.370 |
228.800 |
265.050 |
266.240 |
| Macedonia |
|
25.000 |
20.000 |
|
|
|
| Moldavia |
17.440 |
20.000 |
34.000 |
42.700 |
50.000 |
55.000 |
| Poland |
1.000.000 |
1.239.000 |
1.030.000 |
1.066.000 |
1.052.000 |
1.100.000 |
| Gypsum |
998.628 |
998.628 |
793.684 |
866.674 |
|
|
| Anhydrite |
284.683 |
284.683 |
300.356 |
280.031 |
|
|
| Portugal |
698.673 |
698.673 |
787.646 |
– |
|
|
| Romania |
75.000 |
75.000 |
75.000 |
75.000 |
|
|
| Russia |
1.013.000 |
1.013.000 |
1.189.000 |
– |
|
|
| Serbia & Montenegro |
46.651 |
46.651 |
58.045 |
54.937 |
|
|
| Slovakia (a) |
108.000 |
108.000 |
168.800 |
121.680 |
|
|
| Spain |
9.929.478 |
9.929.478 |
10.920.000 |
13.000.000 |
|
|
| Switzerland |
300.000 |
300.000 |
300.000 |
300.000 |
|
|
| Turkey |
302.552 |
302.552 |
328.656 |
264.038 |
|
|
| Ukraine |
119.000 |
119.000 |
– |
– |
|
|
| United Kingdom |
1.500.000 |
1.500.000 |
1.700.000 |
1.700.000 |
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| total |
27.010.553 |
27.010.553 |
27.825.181 |
26.110.103 |
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| World
total |
97.600.000 |
97.600.000 |
94.400.000 |
99.000.000 |
|
|
Source: Österreichisches Bundesministerium für
Wirtschaft und Arbeit (Federal Ministry for Economics and Labour
of the Republic of Austria), World Mining Data, April 2006
FGD Gypsum Production in Europe for 2002
1000 tonnes
|
Austria |
80 |
Belgium |
60 |
|
Bulgaria |
240 |
Croatia |
20 |
|
Czech Republic |
1,18 |
Denmark |
280 |
|
Finland |
50 |
France |
50 |
|
Germany |
7,18 |
Hungary |
350 |
|
Italy |
690 |
Netherlands |
300 |
|
Poland |
1,05 |
Spain |
800 |
|
Turkey |
180 |
United Kingdom |
1,05 |
|
Europe
total |
13,56 |
Source: Eurogypsum - www.eurogypsum.org
World
Mine Production nd Reserves for 2003
tonnes
| |
Mine Production
of Natural Gypsum 2003 |
Reserves 2003* |
| USA |
16.000.000 |
700.000.000 |
| Australia |
4.000.000 |
|
| Austria |
1.000.000 |
|
| Brazil |
1.650.000 |
1.300.000.000 |
| Canada |
9.000.000 |
450.000.000 |
| China |
6.900.000 |
|
| Egypt |
2.000.000 |
|
| France |
3.500.000 |
|
| India |
2.300.000 |
|
| Italy |
1.200.000 |
|
| Japan |
5.700.000 |
|
| Mexico |
6.800.000 |
|
| Poland |
1.100.000 |
|
| Spain |
7.500.000 |
|
| Thailand |
6.500.000 |
|
| United Kingdom |
1.500.000 |
|
| Uruguay |
1.100.000 |
|
| Other Countries |
12.500.000 |
|
| |
|
|
| World total |
102.000.000 |
Large |
Note:
* Reserves are large in major countries, but data are not available
Source: U.S. Geological Survey, Mineral Commodities Summaries,
January 2004 -
http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/
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