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Aluminium
Aluminum is a silver-white metal with a face-centered cubic
crystalline structure. It is very light in weight, relatively
strong and hard when alloyed. In addition, aluminium is ductile,
malleable and an excellent conductor of heat and electricity.
Although it is chemically very reactive, aluminum resists corrosion
by the formation of a self-protecting oxide coating. It is rapidly
attacked by alkalies and by hydrochloric acid.
Aluminium, the third most abundant of all elements in the Earth’s
crust, making up 8% of the crust by weight, has many uses in
the home and industry.
Metallic aluminum is used in transportation, packaging such
as beverage cans, building construction, electrical applications,
in jewellery, on wall surfaces, in colored kitchenware and other
many products. Aluminium powder is used in paints. Aluminium
foil is used as a wrapping material.
About 85% of all the bauxite mined worldwide is used to produce
alumina for refining into aluminum metal. Another 10% produces
alumina which is used in chemical, abrasive, and refractory
products. The remaining 5% of bauxite is used to make abrasives,
refractory materials, and aluminum compounds.
Links:
-World Bureau
of Metal Statistics - Statistics 2000 - 2003
-EAA-The European Aluminium Association
-The
International Aluminium Institute
Aluminium Production
Thousand tonnes
| |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
| Europe |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Azerbaijan |
58 |
18.600 |
29.500 |
31.800 |
31.900 |
38.500 |
| Bosnia-Herzegovina |
102.271 |
112.503 |
121.294 |
125.000 |
134.500 |
147.200 |
| France |
463.200 |
444.100 |
446.900 |
437.900 |
442.100 |
427.800 |
| Germany |
652.800 |
660.800 |
667.800 |
647.934 |
515.539 |
551.030 |
| Greece |
165.262 |
167.797 |
166.634 |
165.300 |
164.528 |
167.937 |
| Hungary |
35.300 |
35.000 |
34.300 |
31.000 |
30.000 |
0 |
| Iceland |
263.528 |
265.900 |
270.600 |
273.318 |
325.000 |
446.300 |
| Italy |
190.400 |
191.400 |
195.400 |
192.900 |
194.200 |
182.600 |
| Netherlands |
284.400 |
282.800 |
327.000 |
333.800 |
294.000 |
296.900 |
| Norway |
1.044.000 |
1.192.000 |
1.321.700 |
1.376.000 |
1.381.000 |
1.362.000 |
| Poland |
58.800 |
57.200 |
58.900 |
53.600 |
55.900 |
57.600 |
| Romania |
187.100 |
196.800 |
222.300 |
243.600 |
258.300 |
286.300 |
| Russia (Europe) |
3.013.380 |
3.130.290 |
3.235.230 |
3.282.390 |
2.860.110 |
3.559.875 |
| Serbi and Montenegro |
0 |
116.700 |
120.800 |
120.400 |
121.800 |
135.200 |
| Slovakia |
111.600 |
131.400 |
156.900 |
159.200 |
157.300 |
160.500 |
| Slovenia |
87.600 |
118.305 |
120.000 |
138.000 |
139.600 |
160.461 |
| Spain |
380.100 |
389.100 |
397.500 |
394.200 |
367.400 |
405.100 |
| Sweden |
101.100 |
100.700 |
100.600 |
102.107 |
101.700 |
99.800 |
| Switzerland |
40.000 |
43.900 |
44.538 |
44.800 |
12.000 |
0 |
| Turkey |
62.500 |
62.900 |
62.400 |
59.000 |
60.000 |
63.400 |
| Ukraine |
112.459 |
113.600 |
113.200 |
114.200 |
113.000 |
113.400 |
| United Kingdom |
344.318 |
342.748 |
359.600 |
368.477 |
360.300 |
364.595 |
| Yugoslavia |
116.500 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| total |
7.714.347 |
8.043.440 |
8.422.302 |
8.538.126 |
8.120.177 |
9.026.498 |
| |
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| Africa
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| Cameroon |
105.000 |
108.000 |
85.900 |
90.400 |
87.000 |
87.000 |
| Ghana |
132.400 |
15.900 |
0 |
13.400 |
75.800 |
12.9000 |
| Mozambique |
273.200 |
407.400 |
547.100 |
553.700 |
562.800 |
559.900 |
| South Africa |
706.900 |
738.000 |
863.600 |
846.213 |
895.000 |
899.000 |
| total |
1.217.500 |
1.269.300 |
1.496.600 |
1.503.713 |
1.620.600 |
1.558.800 |
| |
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| Asia |
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| Bahrain |
517.000 |
525.800 |
528.700 |
744.100 |
872.000 |
873.000 |
| China |
431.300 |
5.546.900 |
668.880 |
7.806.000 |
9.349.000 |
12.558.600 |
| Dubai |
538.000 |
560.000 |
683.000 |
722.000 |
789.300 |
0 |
| Egypt |
195.000 |
194.600 |
216.000 |
243.800 |
252.300 |
258.300 |
| India |
671.200 |
798.300 |
860.900 |
942.400 |
1.105.100 |
1.221.800 |
| Indonesia |
162.800 |
197.300 |
240.800 |
252.300 |
250.300 |
242.400 |
| Iran |
168.715 |
181.000 |
203.200 |
23.200 |
205.467 |
203.600 |
| Japan |
6.400 |
6.500 |
6.400 |
6.400 |
6.400 |
6.000 |
| Russia (Asia) |
334.820 |
347.810 |
359.470 |
364.710 |
317.790 |
395.542 |
| Tajikistan |
307.589 |
319.400 |
258.100 |
379.600 |
413.800 |
419.100 |
| total |
3.332.824,0 |
8.677.610,0 |
4.025.450 |
11.484.510 |
13.561.457 |
16.178.342 |
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| America |
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| Argentina |
268.800 |
272.400 |
272.100 |
270.700 |
272.800 |
287.382 |
| Brazil |
1.100.000 |
1.000.000 |
1.450.000 |
1.499.600 |
1.765.821 |
1.654.800 |
| Canada |
2.709.000 |
2.791.900 |
2.592.200 |
2.984.200 |
3.051.100 |
3.082.600 |
| Mexico |
39.000 |
17.600 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| United States |
2.706.600 |
2.703.300 |
2.516.400 |
2.481.000 |
2.283.100 |
2.554.000 |
| Venezuela |
594.638 |
591.614 |
631.100 |
630.000 |
617.100 |
615.700 |
|
total |
7.418.038 |
7.376.814 |
7.461.800 |
7.865.500 |
7.989.921 |
8.194.482 |
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| Oceania |
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| Australia |
1.810.000 |
1.877.000 |
1.900.000 |
1.903.000 |
1.932.000 |
1.960.000 |
| New Zealand |
333.900 |
334.400 |
350.400 |
351.400 |
337.300 |
353.000 |
| total |
2.169,9 |
2.183,4 |
2.250.400 |
2.254.400 |
2.269.300 |
2.313.000 |
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| WORLD TOTAL
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25.161.602,9 |
36.258.357 |
29.932.402 |
45.385.159 |
49.392.212 |
37.271.122 |
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