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Copper
Copper is a mineral. As a mineral, natural
copper, also called native copper, is found only in small quantities
throughout the world, but there are a few areas that are rich in
findings. Most copper in nature is found in minerals associated with
sulfur, or in the oxidized products of these minerals.
The copper ores are far more abundant than native copper and are
therefore the main source of copper nowadays. Copper may be found in
large deposits, relatively close to the surface, and amenable to
relatively low cost bulk mining methods.
The combination of its physical properties (copper is malleable,
resistant, conductive and ductile), abundance, beauty, and low cost
make it a valuable commodity.
Copper is used extensively, in products such as electric cables and
wires, switches, plumbing, in heat-exchanging devices such as
refrigerator and air-conditioner coils, in roofing and building
construction, in chemical, pharmaceutical and electrical machinery
(such as motors, electromagnets, generators and communications
devices), in alloys (brass, bronze, gunmetal, Monel metal, German
silver and a new alloy with 3% beryllium that is particularly vibration
resistant), alloy castings, electroplated protective coatings and
undercoats for nickel, chromium, zinc, etc..
Powdered copper is sometimes used as a pigment in paints. Compounds of
copper are used as mordants (fixatives) in dyeing and in
electroplating.
Copper has been fashioned into ornamental objects and making copper
ustensils. Coins have been made of copper throughout history.
Copper is also used in pigments, insecticides, and fungicides, although
it has of lately been largely replaced by synthetic chemicals.
Link:
-World
Bureau of Metal Statistics - Statistics 2000 - 2003
-ECI-The The European Copper
Institute
Copper Production
Thousand Tonnes
| |
2004
|
2005
|
2006
|
2007
|
2008
|
| Europe |
|
|
|
|
|
| Albenia |
600 |
1.700 |
400 |
1.300 |
1.000 |
| Bulgaria |
79.600 |
94.900 |
118.300 |
118.700 |
107.195 |
| Finland |
15.500 |
15.000 |
13.000 |
13.600 |
13.300 |
| Macedonia |
0 |
5.700 |
8.400 |
8.400 |
9.600 |
| Poland |
530.500 |
511.500 |
497.200 |
408.000 |
474.000 |
| Portugal |
95.743 |
89.541 |
78.660 |
90.247 |
89.070 |
| Romania |
20.400 |
16.300 |
12.200 |
2.213 |
4.325 |
| Russia |
189.000 |
192.000 |
202.500 |
207.000 |
211.500 |
| Serbia
& Montenegro |
13.800 |
11.600 |
11.100 |
16.500 |
17.600 |
| Slovakia |
93 |
65 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Spain |
1.400 |
7.900 |
8.700 |
6.281 |
7.071 |
| Sweden |
82.400 |
87.068 |
86.746 |
62.905 |
57.700 |
| Turkey |
49.300 |
54.100 |
46.400 |
81.000 |
83.300 |
| Yugoslavia |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| total |
1.078.336 |
1.087.374 |
1.083.606 |
1.016.146 |
1.075.661 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
| Asia |
|
|
|
|
|
| Afghanistan |
2.500 |
2.700 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Armenia |
17.700 |
16.400 |
17.726 |
17.427 |
17.800 |
| China |
754.200 |
776.600 |
889.000 |
928.000 |
930.800 |
| DPR Korea |
12.000 |
12.000 |
12.000 |
12.000 |
12.000 |
| India |
29.500 |
26.700 |
27.400 |
32.900 |
29.900 |
| Indonesia |
841.600 |
1.064.200 |
816.600 |
788.900 |
650.000 |
| Iran |
145.668 |
164.200 |
216.200 |
249.100 |
242.500 |
| Japan |
1.000 |
1.000 |
300 |
0 |
1.000 |
| Kazakhstan |
462.000 |
401.700 |
446.000 |
406.500 |
398.411 |
| Laos |
1.700 |
30.500 |
60.800 |
62.500 |
89.000 |
| Malaysia |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Mongolia |
130.000 |
126.300 |
129.700 |
130.200 |
129.387 |
| Myanmar |
31.800 |
34.500 |
19.500 |
15.100 |
6.900 |
| Oman |
3.000 |
4.000 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Pakistan |
14.700 |
17.700 |
18.700 |
18.800 |
18.700 |
| Philippines |
16.000 |
16.300 |
17.700 |
22.862 |
21.200 |
| Russia |
441.000 |
448.000 |
472.500 |
483.000 |
493.500 |
| Saudi Arabia |
652 |
668 |
700 |
737 |
1.465 |
| Uzbekistan |
82.800 |
103.500 |
103.500 |
103.500 |
80.000 |
| Viet Nam |
2.000 |
3.100 |
11.400 |
12.500 |
5.800 |
| total |
2.989.820 |
3.250.068 |
3.259.726 |
3.284.026 |
3.128.363 |
| America |
|
|
|
|
|
| America |
|
|
|
|
|
| Argentina |
177.100 |
187.317 |
180.144 |
180.223 |
156.893 |
| Bolivia |
576 |
35 |
218 |
606 |
600 |
| Brazil |
103.153 |
133.325 |
147.800 |
205.700 |
215.800 |
| Canada |
562.800 |
595.400 |
603.295 |
596.248 |
606.973 |
| Chile |
5.412.500 |
5.320.500 |
5.360.800 |
5.557.000 |
5.330.300 |
| Colombia |
1.700 |
1.300 |
600 |
700 |
1.574 |
| Cuba |
860 |
840 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Ecuador |
200 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Georgia |
11.800 |
9.500 |
9.300 |
11.000 |
11.000 |
| Honduras |
300 |
300 |
300 |
0 |
0 |
| Jamaica |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Mexico |
352.300 |
373.300 |
327.500 |
335.500 |
268.600 |
| Peru |
1.035.600 |
1.009.898 |
1.049.900 |
1.190.281 |
1.267.867 |
| United States |
1.160.000 |
1.140.000 |
1.220.000 |
1.170.000 |
1.310.000 |
| total |
8.818.889 |
8.771.715 |
8.889.857 |
9.247.258 |
9.169.607 |
| |
|
|
|
|
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| Africa |
|
|
|
|
|
| Botswana |
21.200 |
26.700 |
24.300 |
12.000 |
23.100 |
| Congo |
69.600 |
97.700 |
131.400 |
148.000 |
229.000 |
| Mauritania |
0 |
0 |
5.000 |
28.800 |
33.100 |
| Morocco |
4.400 |
4.000 |
4.500 |
6.300 |
7.372 |
| Namibia |
11.200 |
10.157 |
6.300 |
7.616 |
8.800 |
| Papua New Guinea |
173.400 |
193.000 |
194.400 |
169.184 |
159.700 |
| South Africa, Republic of |
120.577 |
103.907 |
109.000 |
117.000 |
108.000 |
| Tanzania |
4.200 |
3.700 |
3.300 |
3.200 |
2.500 |
| Zambia |
411.000 |
465.000 |
515.618 |
550.292 |
580.000 |
| Zimbabwe |
2.300 |
2.570 |
2.600 |
2.700 |
2.800 |
| total |
817.877 |
906.734 |
996.418 |
1.053.092 |
1.154.372 |
| |
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| Oceania |
|
|
|
|
|
| Australia |
854.000 |
921.000 |
879.000 |
869.000 |
886.000 |
| total |
854.000 |
921.000 |
879.000 |
869.000 |
886.000 |
| |
|
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|
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| Middle
East |
|
|
|
|
|
| Cyprus |
1.334 |
0 |
900 |
3.012 |
2.986 |
| total |
1.334 |
0 |
900 |
3.012 |
2.986 |
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| WORLD TOTAL |
18.367.953 |
19.093.693 |
19.375.651 |
15.472.534 |
15.416.989 |
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